这6大食物是致癌的元凶,千万别再碰了!
又是平平无奇的一天
觅吉和家人围在餐桌上边聊天边吃饭
食物与癌症也有着千丝万缕的联系,
觅吉一家人的餐桌上有哪些食物会致癌呢?
Red meat and Processed meat
2015年起,世界卫生组织国际癌症研究机构专家团队(WHO IARC)就已经把加工肉制品列为一类致癌物*,而红肉被列为可能增加患癌风险的食品。
*一类致癌物(Group I carcinogen)指的是由充足研究证据表明对人致癌的物质。
红肉指的是未经加工的哺乳动物肌肉。例如牛肉、猪肉、羊肉、兔肉、鹿肉等。
加工肉制品指的是经过腌制、熏制、盐渍、发酵、煎、油炸等工艺,制成的储存时间长的肉制品。例如腌肉、咸鱼、香肠、火腿、培根、热狗等。
红肉和加工肉制品中增加致癌风险的物质:
加工肉制品中参与致癌的成分包括硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐。高温煮肉会产生两种致癌物质杂环芳香胺(HAA)和多环芳烃(PAH)。
Alcohol
喝酒是抽烟、肥胖后排名第三的可控制致癌因素 。这里的酒包括所有含有酒精成分的饮品,不分类型,只看多少。酒精就是致癌一类物质!
Aspergillus Flavus
黄曲霉毒素是致癌一类物质, 且黄曲霉毒素B1是迄今为止发现的毒性、致癌性最强的化学物质。黄曲霉毒素主要存在的两个例子是花生和玉米。
它可能存在于你现场买来的食品中,比如不良商家生产的坚果,干果,干货,乳制品等;买回家后没有妥善保存的谷物粮食(如大米,小米,小麦),豆类,肉类,乳制品,油类食品,发酵食品(如酱油);长期泡发未食用的木耳中;还有没洗干净的餐具。简直是万物皆可害。
Areca nut
槟榔一直存在于致癌食品的行列中,并且“荣登”致癌一类物质的“宝座”。许多研究证明槟榔与患癌有一定的相关性。
不管是从槟榔的成分,嚼槟榔这个动作,还是嚼槟榔成瘾的习惯,把槟榔称为食物中的“香烟”一点也不过分。
Added sugar
添加在含糖饮料或是高能量食品(例如“垃圾食品”,深度加工食品)中的精制白糖、粗糖、黄糖、玉米甜味剂、果葡糖浆等糖份都是添加糖。
添加糖直接导致增重,超重,肥胖。超重,肥胖是增加患癌关键因素之一。
另外,添加糖提高了血糖负荷指数(GL, glycemic load)*,增加了患子宫内膜癌的风险。
*血糖负荷指数(GL, glycemic load)反映了食物中葡萄糖含量对血糖的影响。
Added sugar
高度加工食品指的是运用工业制造和化学配料制成的食品。高度加工食品往往是高盐,高糖或高饱和脂肪酸的食品和饮料。例如,碳酸饮料、巧克力、糖果、冰淇淋、冷冻甜品、薯条汉堡等“垃圾食品”,加工肉制品,腌制食品等等。
高度加工食品拥有超高能量,直接导致增重、肥胖、增加患癌风险。长期使用高脂肪、高糖、高盐食品增加患癌风险
总结一下,红肉、加工肉制品、添加糖、高度加工食品、酒、槟榔都有可能增加患癌风险。请大家谨慎食用,在享受美食的时候,也不忘呵护身体健康哟!
图片来源:觅健,未经允许禁止转载
参考文献:
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